Covid – 19 Corona Virus Dx Symptoms, Parthenogenesis, Treatment

by Zaryyab Salman
Covid 19 Corona Virus Dx Symptoms, Parthenogenesis, Treatment

Covid – 19 Corona Virus Dx Symptoms, Parthenogenesis, Treatment, Family Corona viridae, SS RNA Genome.

Covid 19 Corona Virus Dx Symptoms, Parthenogenesis, Treatment

#Ranges form: Common cold to middle cast resp syndrome severe acute.

#Zoonotic Disease: esp from civet cars, camels, bats

#Incubation period: 2 – 12 days (Avg 5th day)

#Clinical features: Range from no symptoms (asymptomatic) to severe pneumonia and death.

Symptoms in Decreasing order if prevalenu: –

  • Fever
  • Dry cough
  • Fatigue
  • Sputum production
  • Shortness of Breath
  • Myalgia on Arthralgia                      (Avg. of  5 to 6 Symptoms)
  • Sore Throat
  • Headache
  • Chills
  • Nausea & Vomiting
  • Nasal Congestion
  • Diarrhea
  • Hemoptysis
  • Conjunctival Congestion

#Pathogenesis:

– Unique feature it causes both upper react infections and low resp.

  • Virus attaches to specific cellwar receptors via the spike protein.
  • Transformational change, leading to fusion between the viral and cell membrane.

  • Release of nucleocapsid into the cell. (Transcription 4 Translation)

  • Alteration of DNA and production of proteins and certain specific enzymes.

  • Alteration of cell function and production.

  • Release of excess cytokines and chemokines acute phase reactants. (IL-1B, IL-6,IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, TNFX, ESR, CPR, Procalcitonin)

#Hyperinflammation

– Cause of death due to complications / effects caused by “Cytokine storm syndrome

  • Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS)
  • Fulminant Myocarditis (cardiac affinity)

  • #Who are affected the most/ population at more risk: –

    • Immuno compromised individuals

    • Chronic disorders: –

    • Bronchial Asthma
    • Diabetics
    • Cardiovascular Patients disorder

    – Old age people, Malignancy

    #Spread

    • Droplet infection (cough, sneeze)     – Surfaces (Tables, Desks etc)

    #Screening / Laboratory Analysis

    • WBC count may vary      Leukopenia/ Leukocytosis more common (<4000/mm3>

    –  sed Lymphocyte count     Lymphopenia (Most common finding)

    –  sed LDH levels      (Due to affinity of cytokines for cardiac tissue, hepatic tissue)

    –  sed Ferritin Level       (Early finding)

    –  sed AST, ALT       (Aminotransferases)

    –  ESR, D-Discs, Procalcitonin

    # Virus confirmed by RT PCR Technique

    # Culture  – not done for precaution purposes.

    # Imaging

    • CT- Chest, – Ground Glass opacification w/wo consolidation
  • B/L peripheral involvement esp lower lobe

  • – Can be found even before onset of symptoms but not specific for COVID -19

    #Treatment

    – Nothing has been postulate officially

    – Hospitalization only for severe cases

    • Supportive Treatment

    • Maintain Airway, breathing, Circulation
  • Ventilation if Required ( if PO2 <55%)

  • Isolation  (To prevent spread)

  • Correction of electrolyte imbalance

  • Correct temperature

  • #Corticosteroids Avoided

    • Due to potential for prolonging viral replication

    Drugs Such as: –

    • Toclizumab (IL – 6 Blockade)

    • Anakinra (IL – 1 Blockade)

    Against effects of cytokine storm.

    • Remesivir (in spotlight these days for its effect shown)

    Lopinavir / Ritonavir (HIV Tt)         # Anti – Virals, # Anti HIV drugs ] Also used

    Favilavir

    • Anti Malarial also showed results
    • Hydrony Chlorquine (Less coric derivative of chloroquine phosphate)

    THERE IS NO CERTAIN SPECIAL TREATMENT PROTOCOL PUBLISHED BY WHO.

     

    Covid 19 PDF File

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